Which of the following is NOT one of the four Ps of marketing?

The four Ps of marketing, which are essential elements in the marketing mix, include Price, Place, Promotion, and Product. Each of these components plays a crucial role in how a company markets its products or services.

Price refers to the amount of money customers must pay to acquire a product or service and can significantly influence demand. Place involves the distribution channels and locations where a product is made available to consumers, ensuring that it reaches the target market effectively. Promotion encompasses the various ways a company communicates with its audience to inform and persuade them about their offerings, including advertising, public relations, and sales promotions.

In contrast, Process is not one of the four Ps. While processes can influence the customer experience, they do not traditionally constitute a fundamental aspect of the marketing mix. Instead, the focus on the traditional four Ps helps marketers create a balanced approach to bringing their products to market and meeting consumer needs. This distinction clarifies why Process is the answer that does not belong among the four Ps of marketing.